LVM Partition

byShohanur Rahaman -

Ãœ  Logical Volume Manager allows disks to be combined together.

 
Ãœ  PV [Three(1TB+1TB+1TB) HD merge]  >> VG [By using three merge as virtual space] >> LV [Will create from VG] >> MKFS >> MOUNT

·         PV can be Disk (HD)/Partition
·         Format must be LV
·         Disk >> pvcreate diskname
·         Partition >> set system id 8e >> pvcreate diskpartion
 
·         LV PATH
·         /dev/<vgname>/<lvname>
·         /dev/mapper/<vgname-lvname>
 
·         Ext2/ext3/ext4 – extend + reduce
·         Xfs – extend
 
[root@SysAdmin ~]# lsblk

NAME                 MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTS
sdb                    8:16   0   10G  0 disk
sdc                    8:32   0   10G  0 disk
sr0                   11:0    1 1024M  0 rom
 
r  Pvcreate
 
[root@SysAdmin ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdb /dev/sdc

  Physical volume "/dev/sdb" successfully created.
  Physical volume "/dev/sdc" successfully created.
 
r  Pvdisplay
 
[root@SysAdmin ~]# pvdisplay

  --- NEW Physical volume ---
  PV Name               /dev/sdb
  VG Name
  PV Size               10.00 GiB
  Allocatable           NO
  PE Size               0
  Total PE              0
  Free PE               0
  Allocated PE          0
  PV UUID               hVPYZZ-YPfO-sH3g-2gtq-jeS7-TB0l-zcmlZf
 
  "/dev/sdc" is a new physical volume of "10.00 GiB"
  --- NEW Physical volume ---
  PV Name               /dev/sdc
  VG Name
  PV Size               10.00 GiB
  Allocatable           NO
  PE Size               0
  Total PE              0
  Free PE               0
  Allocated PE          0
  PV UUID               Jcz7rb-e9LV-sCs1-dHx9-yFdi-c8H7-dqPJ3D
 
r  Pvs
 
[root@SysAdmin ~]# pvs

  PV         VG          Fmt  Attr PSize   PFree
  /dev/sda2  rl_sysadmin lvm2 a--  <99.50g     0
  /dev/sdb               lvm2 ---   10.00g 10.00g
  /dev/sdc               lvm2 ---   10.00g 10.00g
 
r  Pvremove
 
[root@SysAdmin ~]# pvremove /dev/sdb /dev/sdc

  Labels on physical volume "/dev/sdb" successfully wiped.
  Labels on physical volume "/dev/sdc" successfully wiped.
 
r  Vgcreate
 
[root@SysAdmin ~]# vgcreate myvg /dev/sdb /dev/sdc

  Volume group "myvg" successfully created
 
r  Vgdisplay
 
[root@SysAdmin ~]# vgdisplay

  --- Volume group ---
  VG Name               myvg
  System ID
  Format                lvm2
  Metadata Areas        2
  Metadata Sequence No  1
  VG Access             read/write
  VG Status             resizable
  MAX LV                0
  Cur LV                0
  Open LV               0
  Max PV                0
  Cur PV                2
  Act PV                2
  VG Size               19.99 GiB
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              5118
  Alloc PE / Size       0 / 0
  Free  PE / Size       5118 / 19.99 GiB
  VG UUID               jNygek-pstK-3KWZ-uOOW-sXzs-k6P8-eJ3C3a
 
r  Vgs
 
[root@SysAdmin ~]# vgs

  VG          #PV #LV #SN Attr   VSize   VFree
  myvg          2   0   0 wz--n-  19.99g 19.99g
 
r  Vgremove
 
[root@SysAdmin ~]# vgremove myvg

  Volume group "myvg" successfully removed
 
r  Vgextend
 
[root@SysAdmin ~]# vgextend myvg /dev/sdc

  Volume group "myvg" successfully extended
 
r  Vgreduce
 
[root@SysAdmin ~]# vgreduce myvg /dev/sdc

  Removed "/dev/sdc" from volume group "myvg"
 
r  Vgrename
 
[root@SysAdmin ~]# vgrename myvg myvolume

  Volume group "myvg" successfully renamed to "myvolume"
 
r  Vgchange [VG for PE size – 4.00 MiB]
 
[root@SysAdmin ~]# vgchange -s 4M myvg

  WARNING: Physical extent size of VG myvg is already 4.00 MiB.
  Volume group "myvg" successfully changed.
 
r  Lvcreate
 
[root@SysAdmin ~]# lvcreate -n lv1 -L 500M myvg

  Logical volume "lv1" created.

[root@SysAdmin ~]# lvcreate --name lv2 --size 600M myvg

  Logical volume "lv2" created.
 
r  Lvdisplay
 
[root@SysAdmin ~]# lvdisplay

  --- Logical volume ---
  LV Path                /dev/myvg/lv1
  LV Name                lv1
  VG Name                myvg
  LV UUID                M7sHs9-n4lI-HadD-54wE-STaj-hlmx-z3mr33
  LV Write Access        read/write
  LV Creation host, time SysAdmin, 2024-10-02 15:05:07 +0600
  LV Status              available
  # open                 0
  LV Size                500.00 MiB
  Current LE             125
  Segments               1
  Allocation             inherit
  Read ahead sectors     auto
  - currently set to     256
  Block device           253:2
 
  --- Logical volume ---
  LV Path                /dev/myvg/lv2
  LV Name                lv2
  VG Name                myvg
  LV UUID                SqKVBc-Ae3l-xfv3-fi9t-akuO-h9Dn-B84v2D
  LV Write Access        read/write
  LV Creation host, time SysAdmin, 2024-10-02 15:07:46 +0600
  LV Status              available
  # open                 0
  LV Size                600.00 MiB
  Current LE             150
  Segments               1
  Allocation             inherit
  Read ahead sectors     auto
  - currently set to     256
  Block device           253:3
 
r  Lvs
 
[root@SysAdmin ~]# lvs

  LV   VG          Attr       LSize   Pool Origin Data%  Meta%  Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
  lv1  myvg        -wi-a----- 500.00m                                          
  lv2  myvg        -wi-a----- 600.00m        
                                 
r  Lvremove
 
[root@SysAdmin ~]# lvremove /dev/myvg/lv2

Do you really want to remove active logical volume myvg/lv2? [y/n]: y
  Logical volume "lv2" successfully removed.
 
r  Lvextend
 
[root@SysAdmin ~]# lvextend -L +10G /dev/myvg/lv1

  Size of logical volume myvg/lv1 changed from 500.00 MiB (125 extents) to <10.49 GiB (2685 extents).
  Logical volume myvg/lv1 successfully resized.
 
r  Lvreduce
 
EXT >>  umount
                Reduce the filesystem (resize)
                Reduce the space
 
[root@SysAdmin ~]# lvreduce -L -300M /dev/vg0/lv1

  File system ext4 found on vg0/lv1.
  File system size (1.46 GiB) is equal to the requested size (1.46 GiB).
  File system reduce is not needed, skipping.
  Size of logical volume vg0/lv1 changed from <1.76 GiB (450 extents) to 1.46 GiB (375 extents).
  Logical volume vg0/lv1 successfully resized.
 
r  Lvresize
 
[root@SysAdmin ~]# lvresize -r  -L 3G /dev/vgname/lvname
 
====================================================================

Ø  For XFS FileSystem

[root@SysAdmin ~]# lvextend -L +10G /dev/myvg/lv1

  Size of logical volume myvg/lv1 changed from 500.00 MiB (125 extents) to <10.49 GiB (2685 extents).
  Logical volume myvg/lv1 successfully resized.
 
[root@SysAdmin ~]# xfs_growfs /dev/mapper/myvg-lv1

meta-data=/dev/mapper/myvg-lv1   isize=512    agcount=4, agsize=32000 blks
         =                       sectsz=512   attr=2, projid32bit=1
         =                       crc=1        finobt=1, sparse=1, rmapbt=0
         =                       reflink=1    bigtime=1 inobtcount=1 nrext64=0
data     =                       bsize=4096   blocks=128000, imaxpct=25
         =                       sunit=0      swidth=0 blks
naming   =version 2              bsize=4096   ascii-ci=0, ftype=1
log      =internal log           bsize=4096   blocks=16384, version=2
         =                       sectsz=512   sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none                   extsz=4096   blocks=0, rtextents=0
data blocks changed from 128000 to 2749440
 
Ø  For EXT2/3/4 FileSystem

[root@SysAdmin ~]# lvextend -L +2G /dev/vgname/lvname
  
[root@SysAdmin ~]# resize2fs  /dev/vgname/lvname
[root@SysAdmin ~]# lvresize -r  -L 3G /dev/vgname/lvname
 
====================================================================
 
r  LVM partition Reduce

01. umount
02. e2fsck -f << lvname >> [Scanning filesystem wheather do we have any error]
03. resize2fs << resize the file system >>
04. lvreduce << reduce the lv >>
05. mount
 
#lvdisplay /dev/vg0/lv1 >> lvsize = ? 1800MB
#df -hT /dev/vg0/lv1     >> current usages ? >> less than 1500MB
 
#umount /dev/vg0/lv1
#e2fsck -f /dev/vg0/lv1
#resize2fs /dev/vg0/lv1 1500M
#lvreduce -L -300M /dev/vg0/lv1
#mount /dev/vg0/lv1
 
#lvresize -r -L 1500M /dev/vg0/lv1
 
Background(RUN) --  umount >> e2fsck >> resize2fs >> lvreduce >> mount
 
Ãœ  Procedure to be followed for reduce partition
 
[root@SysAdmin ~]# vgcreate vg0 /dev/sdc
 
[root@SysAdmin ~]# lvcreate -n lv1 -L 1800M vg0

  Logical volume "lv1" created.
 
[root@SysAdmin ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/vg0/lv1

mke2fs 1.46.5 (30-Dec-2021)
Creating filesystem with 460800 4k blocks and 115200 inodes
Filesystem UUID: 7961d8be-2e0e-4358-a3a9-81e38c8b8274
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
        32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912
Allocating group tables: done
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
 
[root@SysAdmin ~]# mkdir /data
 
[root@SysAdmin ~]# vi /etc/fstab

/dev/vg0/lv1                             /data       ext4    defaults        0 0
 
[root@SysAdmin ~]# mount -a
 
[root@SysAdmin ~]# df -hT /data

Filesystem          Type  Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/vg0-lv1 ext4  1.7G   24K  1.6G   1% /data
 
====================================================================
 
[root@SysAdmin ~]# cd /data/
 
[root@SysAdmin data]# dd if=/dev/zero of=file1 bs=1 count=1200M

1200+0 records in
1200+0 records out
1200 bytes (1.2 kB, 1.2 KiB) copied, 0.00292169 s, 411 kB/s
 
[root@SysAdmin ~]# umount /data
 
[root@SysAdmin ~]# e2fsck -f /dev/vg0/lv1
e2fsck 1.46.5 (30-Dec-2021)
Pass 1: Checking inodes, blocks, and sizes
Pass 2: Checking directory structure
Pass 3: Checking directory connectivity
Pass 4: Checking reference counts
Pass 5: Checking group summary information
/dev/vg0/lv1: 12/115200 files (0.0% non-contiguous), 45068/460800 blocks
 
[root@SysAdmin ~]# resize2fs /dev/vg0/lv1 1500M

resize2fs 1.46.5 (30-Dec-2021)
Resizing the filesystem on /dev/vg0/lv1 to 384000 (4k) blocks.
The filesystem on /dev/vg0/lv1 is now 384000 (4k) blocks long.
 
[root@SysAdmin ~]# lvreduce -L -300M /dev/vg0/lv1

  File system ext4 found on vg0/lv1.
  File system size (1.46 GiB) is equal to the requested size (1.46 GiB).
  File system reduce is not needed, skipping.
  Size of logical volume vg0/lv1 changed from <1.76 GiB (450 extents) to 1.46 GiB (375 extents).
  Logical volume vg0/lv1 successfully resized.
 
[root@SysAdmin ~]# mount -a

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